FOR THE SIMPLE SYRUP:
Combine sugar and water in a saucepan over medium heat. Stir occasionally until the sugar is completely dissolved and the syrup is clear. Turn heat off. Set aside.
FOR THE PEACHES:
Rinse the peaches.
To peel, dip firm-ripe peaches in boiling water for 1 to 1 1/2 minutes to loosen skins. Dip in cold water and drain.
Slip off skins.
Cut the peaches in half and remove the pit.
Place peaches in sterilized jars and fill each jar to the top, fitting in as many peaches possible.
Place one half of split vanilla bean in each jar.
Pour simple syrup over peaches, filling jar and leaving a 1/2 inch space at the top.
Place lids on jars and tighten slightly. Place in hot bath for 20 minutes to seal jars completely.
Remove from hot water bath, and let sit untouched for 2 hours.